Reference

Scale library

The scales every guitarist should be fluent in, each with its formula in scale-degrees and an interactive fretboard. Switch the root by editing the diagram's data-root; the patterns transpose.

Major scale

Formula: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 — the parent of Western music. Whole-Whole-Half-Whole-Whole-Whole-Half.

C major

Natural minor scale

Formula: 1 2 ♭3 4 5 ♭6 ♭7 — the relative minor of the major scale. Same notes as the major scale starting from the 6th degree.

A natural minor

Harmonic minor scale

Formula: 1 2 ♭3 4 5 ♭6 7 — natural minor with a raised 7th. The Spanish / classical / metal sound.

A harmonic minor

Melodic minor scale

Formula: 1 2 ♭3 4 5 6 7 — natural minor with raised 6th and 7th. Used in jazz over minor chords.

A melodic minor

Major pentatonic

Formula: 1 2 3 5 6 — major scale minus the 4th and 7th. Country, folk, pop melodies.

G major pentatonic

Minor pentatonic

Formula: 1 ♭3 4 5 ♭7 — natural minor minus the 2nd and ♭6th. The blues/rock workhorse.

E minor pentatonic

Blues scale

Formula: 1 ♭3 4 ♭5 5 ♭7 — minor pentatonic plus the "blue note" (♭5). Used for blues, rock, fusion.

E blues

The seven modes of major

Each mode is the major scale starting from a different degree. Same notes, different feel — because the root changes.

Ionian (major)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Dorian
1 2 ♭3 4 5 6 ♭7
Phrygian
1 ♭2 ♭3 4 5 ♭6 ♭7
Lydian
1 2 3 ♯4 5 6 7
Mixolydian
1 2 3 4 5 6 ♭7
Aeolian (nat. minor)
1 2 ♭3 4 5 ♭6 ♭7
Locrian
1 ♭2 ♭3 4 ♭5 ♭6 ♭7

D dorian

D dorian

F lydian

F lydian

G mixolydian

G mixolydian

How to use this page: pick one scale, learn it in two positions on the neck, then move on. Don't try to learn all of them at once — fluency in one scale beats sketchy knowledge of seven.